A one-loop Feynman graph that represents a virtual process. In the limit in which the virtual process involves short distances or high momenta, one may find an ultraviolet divergence in the corresponding amplitude.

Some have advocated the search for a new theory of quantum gravity, a theory which does not suffer from ultraviolet infinity problems.

Since current gravitational observations are insensitive to quantum effects, one may wonder why an ultraviolet completion of the gravity theory is needed if inflation, in fact, occurs several orders of magnitude below the Planck scale.

Ultraviolet

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